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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Medications help many people manage anxiety, but they're not the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments. Certain antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety, as well as SSRIs like citalopram (Celexa) and Escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Others, such as histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you've been diagnosed with depression, your doctor could prescribe medication as part of a treatment plan. Antidepressants are among the most frequently prescribed medications, come in many different types. The type you choose by your doctor is based on the severity of your symptoms as well as any other medical conditions you suffer from, as well as your treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These work by changing the way nerve cells in your brain communicate. They do this by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, which enhances mood and anxiety. It can take several weeks for antidepressants to begin working, so be patient. Benzodiazepines are also prescribed by your doctor to treat anxiety or depression. They are extremely fast-acting drugs, and they can be utilized as a short-term remedy to reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines include alprazolam, lorazepam and other. They inhibit the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the body's fight or flight. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an antidepressant of a different type that is effective in treating depression and anxiety. They're often reserved for people who aren't able to respond to other types of antidepressants. They require dietary adjustments to avoid hypertensive reactions triggered by interactions with amino acids tyramine. If you're taking a prescription antidepressant be sure to inform your doctor of all other medicines you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower your dose if you're taking other medications that affect how well antidepressants work or if they trigger side effects. Get help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. You may have different symptoms for anxiety and depression or you may be suffering from comorbid anxiety and depression. People who have comorbid anxiety and depression are more likely to have a negative medical prognosis compared to those who have only one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been proven to be especially helpful in treating both disorders for people with comorbid anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be relieved by benzodiazepines. They include alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These medications work on the benzodiazepine receptors of the central nervous system which are five transmembrane protein molecules that form a benzylchloride channel at the central. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess one that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter Gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines increase the concentration of GABA-A, decreasing the activity of the nerve and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are renowned for their rapid onset however, they also carry a high risk of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics and buspirone have a longer duration of action, but are more suitable for long-term use since they don't produce tolerance or addiction. Anxiety and depression are often comorbid, and antidepressants may help reduce depressive symptoms that are associated with anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience an overlapping of anxious and depressive symptoms. They'll need to mix medication and talk therapy to manage their symptoms. In these cases benzodiazepines can be utilized for a short period of time to control depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications take effect. Usually, these medications are prescribed for only just a few weeks at a stretch and are not taken daily. These medications should not be taken for extended periods of time as they may trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you're considering taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any previous dependence or substance abuse issues, as well as any other mental health problems you suffer from. Your doctor can inform you about the possible side effects, and can suggest alternative medications if needed to treat depression. If you've never used benzodiazepines in the past or use them frequently they could cause serious and sometimes fatal side effects. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a history with liver disease or respiratory or digestive disorders or liver disease, your doctor may limit the duration of treatment or recommend lower doses. Alcohol can negatively interact with benzodiazepines, thereby increasing the risk of side-effects and dependence. It is recommended to avoid drinking alcohol while taking these drugs. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers can be utilized as an option to treat anxiety symptoms. They are a form of medication that is different from benzodiazepines, such as Xanax and they are effective by blocking the receptors that adrenaline binds. They also reduce the activity of the nervous system and brain. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines that have a higher risk of dependence and addiction. Beta blockers are frequently prescribed for heart ailments and are effective in treating anxiety as they reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate. However, they're not specifically approved by the FDA to treat of anxiety disorders. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders . They are a good option if other antianxiety medications aren't working or have undesirable adverse side effects. They are particularly effective in situations of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where uncomfortable symptoms can arise when you are experiencing events that trigger anxiety. They can also be employed in combination with other treatment modalities for example, CBT or SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an alternative therapy for people suffering from GAD. GAD is characterized by persistent and frequent anxiety that can hinder daily activities. They can also be helpful in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as the racing heart or the increased sweating. Although beta-blockers can assist in helping manage the physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the mental issues that cause the anxiety. They are best used as a complement to other treatments like benzodiazepines and SSRIs. It is important to discuss your medical history and other health concerns with your doctor before taking beta-blockers. The use of these drugs is associated with reduced suicidal and psychiatric hospitalisations, but the results vary according to the specific psychiatric diagnosis and the psychiatric history of the past. In some patients, they can increase the risk of having cardiovascular events. There are some natural products that have beta-blocker properties, however, they aren't as effective as prescription medications. These include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural supplements are not entirely understood. Certain supplements could cause serious side effects, so it's best to consult with an expert before taking these supplements. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs work by altering the way your brain works. They block the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase, which breaks down the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin, which allow your brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This enhances brain cell communication and elevates your mood. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorders. This includes anxiety, mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety and might not be helpful in panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their ability to increase dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters, which are produced naturally in the body, are released into the bloodstream, where they are transported to nerve cells and act as messengers. Iproniazid was the very first antidepressant to be developed in the year 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs like tranylcypromine isocarboxazid, and fluoxetine, that are known to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can have interactions with food and drugs, and could cause serious withdrawal syndrome if they are stopped suddenly, MAOIs are typically only used for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer type of MAOI, dubbed a selective and irreversible MAO-A inhibitor, is under investigation for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder since it may trigger manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being investigated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not affect other enzymes that breakdown levodopa, which is the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These medications can be used either on their own or in conjunction with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs could cause a reaction involving increased neuromuscular excitability and hyper-reflexia. This may manifest as muscle twitching, eyelid twitching, as well as other signs. These reactions are more prevalent when these medications are taken in conjunction with certain food items such as aged cheeses and preserved meats.